How long should handwashing last to be effective?

Handwashing should last for at least 20 seconds to be effective in removing germs and preventing the spread of foodborne illnesses. This duration is widely recognized by health authorities, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The 20-second guideline allows sufficient time for the soap to break down dirt and pathogens on the hands, and for rinsing to remove these contaminants effectively.

When washing hands, it’s important to follow a proper technique, which includes scrubbing all parts of the hands—front and back, between the fingers, and under the nails. The effectiveness of handwashing increases with time, which is why the 20-second mark is emphasized. Shorter durations may not ensure that germs are adequately removed, while extending handwashing to a minute could lead to unnecessary waste of water and time, with diminishing returns on effectiveness.